Narcissus Manual

The guide covers a range of topics about narcissus crops in the UK, including:

Background biology
Economics and management
Pests, diseases, disorders and weed management

It takes you through the steps of narcissus production, from the choice and acquisition of bulb stocks and preparation of the land, progressing to bulb lifting, sales and re-planting.

Also find information on:

Bulb forcing
Marketing flowers
Pot-plant production
Tazetta narcissus production
Other more specialised aspects including growing of bulbs for galanthamine production, virus tested bulbs, producing dwarf and small-bulbed types, and bulb propagation.

The information in this manual was last updted in 2013 and the biocidal and plant protection products in the tables below were updated and correct as of March 2020.

Useful links

Download our Narcissus Crop Walkers' Guide

Research project: Improved control of foliar diseases and the effect of fungicide sprays on narcissus flower production

Research project: evaluation of fungicides for improved control of smoulder and white mould in narcissus

Report: Investigation into the effects of a range of potential biocides in hot water treatment

Download the manual here

Narcissus manual

Biocidal and plant protection product tables for Narcissus (correct as of March 2020)

Please ensure you read the full disclaimer at the bottom of this page in relation to the products listed.

Table 22. Examples of disinfectants that could potentially be used in horticultural crops

Class	Active ingredient	Product examples	Comments on class
Alkali	Sodium hydroxide	(various)	Commodity chemicals, broad spectrum, too caustic for general use
	Calcium oxide
Biguanide/ biguanidine	Chlorhexidine	Nolvasan	Mainly for bacteria and therefore unsuitable for most horticultural applications; also inactivated by organic contamination
		Virosan
Cationic surfactant (quaternary ammonium compounds, QACs)	Benzalkonium chloride		Non-corrosive, non-irritating, penetrative (when combined with a wetting agent), varied and selective effects on micro-organisms, less active if organic contamination, oils or waxes present, some expensive, some cause foaming or leave residues.
		Antec Ambicide
		Antec HD3
		Hortisept
		Menno Ter Forte
		Vitafect
	Combined types with QACs
	QAC + biguanidine	GPS 8
		Vitafect
	QAC + inorganic acids	Hortisept
		Horticide
	QAC + aldehyde	Unifect-G
		Vitafect PepMV
Halogens and halogen-releasing compounds (chlorine-based)	Sodium hypochlorite (bleach)	(various)	Bleach is a commodity chemical. Release chlorine when activated; broad spectrum but slow for spores, work at cool temperatures, unaffected by limescale, short residual effect, may be corrosive, precipitate in iron- rich water
	Sodium dichloroisocyanurate	-
Halogens and halogen-releasing compounds (iodophor)	Iodine/phosphoric acid	Antec Virudine	Iodine in a phosphoric acid base, usually with surfactants. Broad spectrum, except for bacterial spores, work at ambient temperatures, may stain metals or plastics, may corrode aluminium, may be expensive
		FAM 30
		Deosan Iodel FD
Halogenated tertiary amine	Halogenated tertiary amines	Ambicide	Broad spectrum, benign (use in birdhouses), stable in solution for a long time, non-corrosive, biodegradable
		Avisafe
		Trigene
Organic acids	Citric acid (aliphatic acids)	(various)	Commodity chemical, inexpensive, some biocidal activity
	Benzoic acid (aromatic acids)	Menno Florades	Good activity except against algae
Oxidising agents (peroxides)	Chlorine dioxides	Purogene	Broad spectrum (including spores), effective in cold, effective with organic contamination, hydrogen peroxide and peroxyacetic acid products are environmentally benign
	Peroxides (hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid, acetic acid and surfactants)	Antec Hyperox, Jet 5, Cleanzar, Hyperox, Sanpox P and others
	Combined types with peroxygens
	Hydrogen peroxide + formic acid	Reciclean
	Hydrogen peroxide + silver	Sanosil, EndoSan and others
	Hydrogen peroxide + peroxyacetic acid	Sorgene 5
	Peroxygen compounds + organic acids	Virkon S
Phenols (high boiling point tar acids – HBTAs)	Carbolic acid	Farm Fluid S	Broad spectrum, potent, acidic, may be corrosive, effective in cold and with organic contamination, strong odour
	Cresylic acid	Longlife 250S
		Jeyes Fluid
Phenols (synthetic and chlorophenol)	Ortho-phenyl phenol	Disolite	Neutral and lack the odour and staining properties of HBTAs; less broad-spectrum than HBTAs, and some question of environmental safety
Reducing agents	Glutaraldehyde	Horticide	Wide spectrum, slow-acting, hazardous to operators, temperature-dependent
		Unifect-G
Others	Alcohol	Industrial methylated spirits (IMS)	Harmless to users and environment, expensive, some antibacterial and antifungal effects, expensive, efficacy equivalent to synthetics remains to be proven
	Plant extracts	Citrox P

Table 30. Fungicides and insecticides with Extensions of Authorisation for Minor Use (EAMUs) for use in bulb dips

Active ingredient	Product	Approval number and expiry date	Marketing company	Approved crop(s)	Disease(s) or pest(s) treated
Fungicides
Cyprodinil and fludioxonil	Switch	2015-2274	Syngenta UK Limited	Ornamental bulbs		Basal rot (Fusarium spp.)
Propamocarb hydrochloride	Promess	2013-1949	Arysta LifeScience Benelux SPRL	Ornamental (outdoor) (bulbs only, including narcissus)		Pythium spp., Phytophthora and Peronospora parasitica
Insecticides
NONE AVAILABLE

Table 34. Non-selective contact or systemic herbicides with full approval or EAMUs for use on outdoor ornamental plant production, edible and non-edible crop destruction with before planting or production application and therefore available for narcissus for pre-planting, pre-emergence or between growing seasons

Active ingredient	Action (with HRAC mode of action code) and target weeds	Product name (with MAPP No. if more than one product)	% Active substance	Full approval or EAMU	Product expiry date (use-by date)	Marketing company	Relevant crops and use	Crop stage
Fatty acids: pelargonic acid (ammoniacal salts of fatty acids)	UN – No pesticide mode of action yet allocated Pure contact mode of action with no translocation or systemicity. True desiccants	Finalsan	18.67	Full	28 February 2023	Certis Europe B.V.	Ornamental (outdoor)	Field application
		Kalipe	50%	Full	28 February 2023	Belchim Crop Protection Limited	Ornamental (outdoor)	Field application
		Katoun Gold	50%	Full	28 February 2023	Belchim Crop Protection Limited	Ornamental (outdoor)	Field application
		Redialo	50%	Full	28 February 2023	Belchim Crop Protection Limited	Ornamental (outdoor)	Field application
Glyphosate	Systemic non-selective, non-residual herbicide (G) for general weed control	Amega Duo (MAPP No. 14131)	54%	Full	9 September 2099	Nufarm UK Ltd.	Non-edible crop (outdoor) (destruction before sowing/planting)	Before planting or production
		Ardee XL	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Barclay Chemicals Manufacturing Limited	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction)	Before planting or production
		Asteroid (MAPP No. 18958)	41.8%	Full	9 September 2099	FMC Agro Limited	Non-edible crop (outdoor)	Before planting or production
		Azural	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Monsanto UK Limited	Non-edible crop (outdoor) (destruction of established vegetation prior to sowing)	Before planting or production
		Barbarian XL	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Barclay Chemicals Manufacturing Limited	Non-edible crop (outdoor) (destruction)	Before planting or production
		Barclay Gallup Biograde 360	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Barclay Chemicals Manufacturing Limited	Non-edible crop (outdoor) (destruction before planting)	Before planting or production
		Barclay Gallup Hi-Aktiv	49%	Full	9 September 2099	Barclay Chemicals Manufacturing Limited	Non-edible crop (outdoor) (destruction before planting)	Before planting or production
		Boom Efekt	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Albaugh TKI d.o.o	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction)	Before planting or production
		Cleancrop Corral 2	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Agrii	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction)	Before planting or production
		Cleancrop Tungsten	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Agrii	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction before planting)	Before planting or production
		Cleancrop Tungsten Ultra	45%	Full	9 September 2099	Agrii	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction)	Before planting or production
		Clinic Grade	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Nufarm UK Ltd.	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction)	Before planting or production
		Clinic Up	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Nufarm UK Ltd.	Non-edible crop (outdoor); (destruction before planting)	Before planting or production
		Clinic Up	36%	2017-2202	9 September 2099	Nufarm UK Ltd.	Ornamental (outdoor)	Field application
		Clinic TF	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Nufarm UK Ltd.	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction before sowing/planting)	Before planting or production
		Clipper	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Adama Agricultural Solutions UK Ltd.	Non-edible crop (outdoor); (destruction)	Before planting or production
		Credit	54%	Full	9 September 2099	Nufarm UK Ltd.	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction before sowing/planting)	Before planting or production
		Crestler (MAPP No. 16555)	54%	Full	9 September 2099	Nufarm UK Ltd.	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction)	Before planting or production
		Egret	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Monsanto UK Limited	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction)	Before planting or production
		Envision	45%	Full	9 September 2099	FMC Agro Limited	Non-edible crop (outdoor)	Before planting or production
		Gallup XL	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Barclay Chemicals Manufacturing Limited	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction before planting)	Before planting or production
		Garryowen XL	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Barclay Chemicals Manufacturing Limited	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction)	Before planting or production
		Glister Ultra	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Sinon EU Corporation	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction)	Before planting or production
		Glister UltraMax	45%	Full	9 September 2099	Sinon EU GmbH	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction)	Before planting or production
		Glyfer	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Nouvelle Tec-Inter SARL	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction)	Before planting or production
		Glyfos Dakar	68%	Full	9 September 2099	Headland Agrochemicals Ltd.	Non-edible crop (outdoor); (destruction before planting)	Before planting or production
		Glyfos Dakar Pro (MAPP No. 13147)	68%	Full	9 September 2099	Headland Agrochemicals Ltd.	Edible and non-edible crops	Before planting or production
		Glyfos Gold	36%	Full	9 September 2099	FMC Agro Limited	Edible and non-edible crops	Before planting or production
		Glyfos Monte (MAPP No. 18807)	68%	Full	9 September 2099	FMC Agro Limited	Edible and non-edible crops	Before planting or production
		Glyfos Supreme XL (MAPP No. 18695)	45%	Full	9 September 2099	FMC Agro Limited	Edible and non-edible crops	Before planting or production
		Glypho-Rapid 450	45%	Full	9 September 2099	Barclay Chemicals Manufacturing Limited	Non-edible crop (outdoor); (destruction)	Before planting or production
		Habitat	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Barclay Chemicals Manufacturing Limited	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction)	Before planting or production
		Hilite	20.09%	Full	9 September 2099	Nomix Enviro Ltd.	Ornamental (outdoor)	Plant base applications
		Landmaster 360 TF	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Albaugh Europe SARL	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction)	Before planting or production
		Liaison	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Monsanto UK Limited	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction)	Before planting or production
		Master Gly	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Ventura Agroscience Ltd.	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction)	Before planting or production
		Mentor	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Monsanto UK Limited	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction)	Before planting or production
		MON 76473	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Monsanto UK Limited	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction)	Before planting or production
		MON 79351	48%	Full	9 September 2099	Monsanto UK Limited	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction)	Before planting or production
		MON 79376	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Monsanto UK Limited	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction before sowing/planting)	Before planting or production
		MON 79545	45%	Full	9 September 2099	Monsanto UK Limited	Edible and non-edible crops (for destruction)	Before planting or production
		MON 79991	72%	Full	9 September 2099	Monsanto UK Limited	Non-edible crop (outdoor) (destruction)	Before planting or production
		Monosate G	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Monsanto UK Limited	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction before planting)	Before planting or production
		Monsanto Amenity Glyphosate	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Monsanto UK Limited	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction)	Before planting or production
		Motif	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Monsanto UK Limited	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction)	Before planting or production
		Nasa	36%	Full	11 July 2021	Agria S.A.	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction before planting)	Before planting or production
		Nomix Conqueror Amenity	14.4%	Full	9 September 2099	Nomix Enviro Ltd.	Ornamental (outdoor)	Field application
		Nomix G	12%	Full	9 September 2099	Nomix Enviro Ltd.	Ornamental (outdoor)	Plant-base applications
		Ormond	49%	Full	9 September 2099	Barclay Chemicals Manufacturing Limited	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction)	Before planting or production
		Ovation	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Monsanto UK Limited	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction)	Before planting or production
		Pitch (MAPP No. 15485)	54%	Full	9 September 2099	Nufarm UK Ltd.	Non-edible crop (outdoor); (destruction)	Before planting or production
		Rattler (MAPP No. 15522)	54%	Full	9 September 2099	Nufarm UK Ltd.	Non-edible crop (outdoor); (destruction)	Before planting or production
		Rodeo	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Monsanto UK Limited	Non-edible crop (outdoor); (destruction)	Before planting or production
		Roundup Biactive	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Monsanto UK Limited	Non-edible crop (outdoor); (destruction)	Before planting or production
		Roundup Biactive GL	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Monsanto UK Limited	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction)	Before planting or production
		Roundup Energy	45%	Full	9 September 2099	Monsanto UK Limited	Non-edible crop (outdoor); (destruction before sowing/planting)	Before planting or production
		Roundup Flex	48%	Full	9 September 2099	Monsanto UK Limited	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction)	Before planting or production
		Roundup Max	68%	Full	9 September 2099	Monsanto UK Limited	Non-edible crop (outdoor); (destruction before planting)	Before planting or production
		Roundup Metro XL	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Monsanto UK Limited	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction)	Before planting or production
		Roundup Powermax	72%	Full	9 September 2099	Monsanto UK Limited	Non-edible crop (outdoor); (destruction)	Before planting or production
		Roundup ProActive	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Monsanto UK Limited	Edible and non-edible crops	Before planting or production
		Roundup Pro Biactive	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Monsanto UK Limited	Non-edible crop (outdoor); (destruction)	Before planting or production
		Roundup Pro Biactive	36%	2008-2877	9 September 2099	Monsanto UK Limited	Ornamental (outdoor)	Field application
		Roundup ProVantage	48%	Full	9 September 2099	Monsanto UK Limited	Edible and non-edible crops	Before planting or production
Roundup Sonic	45%	Full	9 September 2099	Monsanto UK Limited	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction before planting)	Before planting or production
Roundup Star	45%	Full	9 September 2099	Monsanto UK Limited	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction)	Before planting or production
Roundup Ultimate (Mapp No. 12774)	45%	Full	9 September 2099	Monsanto UK Limited	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction before sowing/planting)	Before planting or production
Roundup Vista Plus	45%	Full	9 September 2099	Monsanto UK Limited	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction before sowing/planting)	Before planting or production
Samurai	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Monsanto UK Limited	Non-edible crop (outdoor); (destruction of established vegetation prior to sowing)	Before planting or production
Scorpion	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Monsanto UK Limited	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction of established vegetation prior to sowing/planting)	Before planting or production
Snapper	54%	Full	9 September 2099	Nufarm UK Ltd.	Non-edible crop (outdoor); (destruction)	Before planting or production
Surrender T/F (MAPP No. 19203)	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Agrovista UK Ltd.	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction)	Before planting or production
Tangent	45%	Full	9 September 2099	FMC Agro Limited	Non-edible crop (outdoor)	Before planting or production
Tanker (MAPP No. 15016)	54%	Full	9 September 2099	Nufarm UK Ltd.	Non-edible crop (outdoor); (destruction)	Before planting or production
Touchdown Quattro	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Syngenta UK Ltd.	Edible and non-edible crops	Before planting or production
Typhoon 360	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Adama Agricultural Solutions UK Ltd.	Edible and non-edible crops (destruction)	Before planting or production
Vesuvius Green	36%	Full	9 September 2099	Ventura Agroscience Ltd.	Non-edible crop (outdoor); (destruction)	Before planting or production
Glyphosate/pyraflufen-ethyl	Systemic non-selective, non-residual herbicide (G) for general weed control, desiccant for fast action	Hammer	24% + 0.067%	Full	9 September 2099	Evergreen Garden Care UK Ltd.	Ornamental (outdoor)	Plant-base applications

All major brands included of glyphosate, regardless of whether they are commercially available or not
All ‘stubble uses’ are not included, due to the production practices for narcissus
Pelargonic acid products included as these are likely to gain more uses in ornamental plant production
Any products with expiry dates less than 12 months have been excluded as these would not normally be available to purchase as the expiry and distribution normally comes 12 months earlier than the expiry for use, storage and disposal

Table 35. Herbicides (other than non-selective contact or systemic herbicides for pre-planting or dormant-season use) with full approval or EAMUs for use on narcissus or in outdoor ornamental plant production where the active ingredient has been used on narcissus

Active ingredient	Action (with HRAC mode of action code) and target weeds	Product name (with MAPP No. if more than one product)	% Active substance	Full approval or EAMU	Product expiry date (use by date)	Marketing company	Relevant crops and use	Crop stage
Bentazone (post-flowering)	Post-emergence contact herbicide (C3) for annual dicotyledons	Basagran	48%	Full	31 December 2020	BASF	Ornamental (outdoor) (narcissus only)	Field application
		Basagran SG	87%	Full	31 December 2020	BASF	Ornamental (outdoor) (narcissus only)	Field application
		Basagran SG	87%	2008-2819	31 December 2020	BASF	Ornamental (outdoor)	Field application different to on label
		Benta 480 SL	48%	Full	31 December 2020	Nufarm UK Ltd.	Ornamental (outdoor) (narcissus only)	Field application
		Bently	48%	Full	31 December 2020	Chem-Wise	Ornamental (outdoor) (narcissus only)	Field application
		Clayton Dent 480	48%	Full	31 December 2020	Clayton Plant Protection	Ornamental (outdoor) (narcissus only)	Field application
		Euro Benta 480	48%	Full	31 December 2020	Euro Chemicals	Ornamental (outdoor)	Field application
		Forban	48%	Full	31 December 2020	Novastar Link Limited	Ornamental (outdoor) (narcissus only)	Field application
		Globagran SL	48%	Full	31 December 2020	Globachem NV	Ornamental (outdoor) (narcissus only)	Field application
		Hockley Bentazone 48	48%	Full	31 December 2020	Hockley International Ltd.	Ornamental (outdoor) (narcissus only)	Field application
		RouteOne Benta 48 (MAPP No. 15266)	48%	Full	31 December 2020	Albaugh Europe SARL	Ornamental (outdoor) (narcissus only)	Field application
		Tanaru	48%	Full	31 December 2020	Agroquimicos Genericos	Ornamental (outdoor) (narcissus only)	Field application
		Troy 480	48%	Full	31 December 2020	UPL Europe Limited	Ornamental (outdoor) (narcissus only, excluding crops for propagation)	Field application
		UPL B-Zone	48%	Full	31 December 2020	UPL Europe Limited	Ornamental (outdoor) (narcissus only)	Field application
Bromoxynil	Tested in AHDB BOF073 project with good results	Butryflow	40.158%	2013-0517	30 June 2023	Nufarm UK Ltd.	Ornamental (outdoor) (bulbs)	Post-harvest of flowers in the year of production, before senescence of foliage
		Butryflow	40.158%	2014-0561	30 June 2023	Nufarm UK Ltd.	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Field application different to on label
		Maya	40.158%	2017-1045	30 June 2023	Nufarm UK Ltd.	Ornamental (outdoor) (bulbs)	Post-harvest of flowers in the year of production, before senescence of foliage
		Maya	40.158%	2017-1046	30 June 2023	Nufarm UK Ltd.	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Field application different to on label
Chlorpropham (pre- or post-crop emergence)	Residual herbicide (K2) for annual, dicotyledons and annual grasses	Aliacine 400 EC	40%	Full	8 October 2020	Arysta LifeScience Benelux SPRL	Ornamental (outdoor)	Inter-row application
		CleanCrop Amigo	40%	Full	8 October 2020	United Agri Products	Ornamental plant production	Field application
		CleanCrop Amigo 2	40%	Full	8 October 2020	UPL Europe Limited	Ornamental (outdoor) (around)	Field application
		Intruder	40%	Full	8 October 2020	UPL Europe Limited	Ornamental plant production	Field application
Clomazone	SCEPTREplus post-cropping	Centium 360 CS	36%	2019-0743	30 April 2023	FMC Agro Limited	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Before six true leaves stage
		Centium 360 CS (MAPP No. 17327)	36%	2015-2924	30 April 2021	Headland Agrochemicals Ltd.	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Before six true leaves stage
		Cirrus CS	36%	2015-2924	30 April 2023	FMC Agro Limited	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Before six true leaves stage
		Cirrus CS (MAPP No. 17328)	36%	2015-2921	30 April 2021	Headland Agrochemicals Ltd.	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Before six true leaves stage
		Cleancrop Covert	36%	2019-0612	30 April 2023	FMC Agro Limited	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Before six true leaves stage
		Cleancrop Covert (MAPP No. 17340)	36%	2016-0075	30 April 2021	Headland Agrochemicals Ltd.	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Before six true leaves stage
		Gamit 36 CS	36%	2019-0774	30 April 2023	FMC Agro Limited	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Before six true leaves stage
		Gamit 36 CS (MAPP No. 17314)	36%	2015-2813	30 April 2021	Headland Agrochemicals Ltd.	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Before six true leaves stage
Cycloxydim (for control of cereals from mulch)	Translocated post- emergence herbicide (A) for annual grasses and some other grasses	Laser	20%	Full	30 November 2025	BASF	Ornamental plant production	Field application
Dimethenamid-P + pendimethalin	Residual herbicide pre- and post-emergence of weeds, K3 (Chloroacetamides) inhibition of cell division	Wing-P	21.25% + 25%	2013-0253	9 September 2099	BASF plc.	Ornamental (outdoor) (bulb)	Pre-emergence
Florasulam (post-crop emergence or post-flowering)	Post-emergence herbicide (B) for annual dicotyledons	Boxer	5%	2008-2826	9 September 2099	Dow AgroSciences	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Field application
		Lector (MAPP No. 16565)	5%	2014-1582	31 August 2022	Headland Agrochemicals Ltd.	Ornamental (outdoor) (bulbs only, including narcissus)	Field application
		Paramount (MAPP No. 16452)	5%	2014-1531	31 August 2022	Headland Agrochemicals Ltd.	Ornamental (outdoor) (bulbs only, including narcissus)	Field application
Florasulam + fluroxypyr (post-crop emergence or post-flowering)	Post-emergence herbicide (B) for annual dicotyledons	Starane XL	0.25% + 10%	2008/2904	9 September 2099	Dow AgroSciences	Ornamental (outdoor)	Field application
Fluazifop-P-butyl (for control of cereals from mulch)	Post-emergence herbicide (A) for annual and perennial grasses	Fusilade Max (MAPP No. 11519)	12.5%	2019/1189	31 August 2020	Syngenta UK Ltd.	Protected and outdoor ornamental plant production	Field application
Fluazifop-P-butyl (for control of cereals from mulch)		Fusilade Max (MAPP No. 18815)	12.5%	2019/1222	28 February 2021	Nufarm UK Ltd.	Protected and outdoor ornamental plant production	Field application
Imazamox + pendimethalin	Pre-emergence broad-spectrum herbicide (B+K1) for annual dicotyledons Tested in SCEPTREplus during dormant season and was safe	Nirvana	1.67% + 25%	2009/2894	9 September 2099	BASF	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Field application
Isoxaben (pre- or post-crop emergence or post-flowering)	Soil-acting herbicide (L) for annual dicotyledons	Flexidor	50%	Full	30 November 2026	Landseer Ltd.	Ornamental plant production	Field application
		Pan Isoxaben 500	50%	Full	30 November 2026	Pan Amenity Ltd.	Ornamental plant production	Field application
		Pan Isoxaben 500 (MAPP No. 17980)	50%	Full	31 December 2021	Pan Amenity Ltd.	Ornamental plant production	Field application
Metazachlor (pre- or post-crop emergence or post-flowering)	Residual herbicide (K3) for annual dicotyledons and annual meadow-grass	Butisan S	50%	Full	31 January 2024	BASF plc.	Ornamental plant production	Plant-base applications
		Makila 500 SC	50%	Full	31 January 2024	Novastar Link Limited	Ornamental plant production	Field application
		Metaza	50%	Full	31 January 2024	Euro Chemicals	Ornamental plant production	Field application
		Rapsan Solo	50%	Full	31 January 2024	Belchim Crop Protection Limited	Ornamental plant production	Field application
		Stalwart	50%	Full	31 January 2024	UPL Europe Limited	Ornamental plant production	Field application
		Standon New Metazachlor	50%	Full	31 January 2024	Enviroscience Limited	Ornamental plant production	Plant base applications
		Standon New Metazachlor (MAPP No. 17473)	50%	Full	30 April 2022	Standon Chemicals Ltd.	Ornamental plant production	Plant base applications
		Sultan 50 SC	50%	Full	31 January 2024	Adama Agricultural Solutions UK Ltd.	Ornamental plant production	Plant base applications
		Taza 500	50%	Full	31 January 2024	Becesane s.r.o.	Ornamental plant production	Plant base applications
Metribuzin	BOF 073 AHDB project	Sencorex Flow (MAPP No. 18895)	60%	2019-3103	31 January 2023	Sumitomo Chemical (UK) plc.	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Pre-crop emergence
Metribuzin	BOF 073 AHDB project	Sencorex Flow (MAPP No. 18895)	60%	2019-3099	31 January 2023	Sumitomo Chemical (UK) plc.	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Post-emergence to dormant crops
Metobromuron	(C2) Inhibition of photosynthesis at photosystem II. Urea-based selective pre-emergence herbicide, translocated from the roots to the growing points	Inigo	50%	2018-3121	30 June 2027	Belchim Crop Protection Limited	Outdoor ornamental plant production (bulb)	Pre-emergence and between 1 September and 1 December
		Lianto	50%	2018-3124	30 June 2027	Belchim Crop Protection Limited	Outdoor ornamental plant production (bulb)	Pre-emergence and between 1 September and 1 December
		Praxim	50%	2018-3073	30 June 2027	Belchim Crop Protection Limited	Outdoor ornamental plant production (bulb)	Pre-emergence and between 1 September and 1 December
		Soleto	50%	2018-3127	30 June 2027	Belchim Crop Protection Limited	Outdoor ornamental plant production (bulb)	Pre-emergence and between 1 September and 1 December
Napropamide	BOF 073 AHDB project (Brand name Jouster used). Limited weed control spectrum but good willowherb option	AC 650	45%	2019-4265	30 June 2026	UPL Europe Limited	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Pre-emergence of crop
Napropamide		Devrinol (MAPP No. 19358)	45%	2020-0168	12 January 2024	UPL Europe Limited	Ornamental plant production	Field application
Pendimethalin (post-crop emergence)	Residual herbicide (K1) for annual grasses*	Aquarius	40%	2009-3299	31 January 2021	Makhteshim-Agan (UK)	Outdoor narcissus grown for galanthamine production	Field application
		Aquarius	40%	2009-3298	31 January 2021	Makhteshim-Agan (UK)	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Field application
		Cinder	40%	2009-2189	31 January 2021	Makhteshim-Agan (UK)	Outdoor narcissus grown for galanthamine production	Field application
		Cinder	40%	2009-2208	31 January 2021	Makhteshim-Agan (UK)	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Field application
		PDM 330 EC	33%	2008-2862	31 January 2021	BASF plc.	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Field application
		Sherman	33%	2009-0807	31 January 2021	Makhteshim-Agan (UK)	Outdoor narcissus grown for galanthamine production	Field application
		Stomp 400 SC	40%	2008-2923	9 September 2099	BASF	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Field application
		Stomp Aqua	45.5%	2009/2919	9 September 2099	BASF	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Field application
Propyzamide	Residual herbicide (K1) for many weeds tested in BOF073 AHDB project, post-flowering	Kerb Flo	40%	Full	9 September 2099	Dow AgriSciences	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Field application
Propyzamide		Kerb Granules	4%	Full	31 July 2021	Barclay Chemicals Limited	Outdoor ornamental plant production (around)	Field application
Prosulfocarb	Thiocarbamate (N) pre-emergence herbicide	Clayton Comply	80%	2016-2927	30 April 2023	Clayton Plant Protection	Ornamental plant production	Before crop emergence
		Defy	80%	2013-1431	30 April 2023	Syngenta UK Ltd.	Ornamental plant production	Before crop emergence
		Spinnaker	80%	2019-1746	30 April 2023	Adama Agricultural Solutions UK Ltd.	Ornamental plant production	Before crop emergence

Table 36. Herbicides (other than non-selective contact or systemic herbicides for pre-planting or dormant-season use) with full approval or EAMUs for use in outdoor ornamental plant production but with their effects on narcissus unknown or known to include detrimental effects

Active ingredient	Effects on narcissus	Action (with HRAC mode of action code) and target weeds	Product name (with MAPP No. if more than one product)	% Active substance	Full approval or EAMU approval No.	Product expiry date (use-by date)	Marketing company	Situation	Crop stage
2,4-D	Likely to have significant damage to narcissus crops	Selective control of annual and perennial broad-leaved weeds (O)	Depitox	50%	2008-2843	9 September 2099	Nufarm UK Ltd.	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Field application
Amidosulfuron	Effects unknown	Sulfonyl urea herbicide for broad-leaved weed control (B)	Eagle (MAPP No. 18902)	75%	2019-3093	30 June 2023	Sumitomo Chemical (UK) plc.	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Field application
			Eagle (MAPP No. 16490)	75%	2014-2508	30 June 2023	Interfarm (UK) Ltd.	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Field application
			Squire Ultra (MAPP No. 16491)	75%	2014-2511	30 June 2023	Interfarm (UK) Ltd.	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Field application
Carfentrazone-ethyl	Used as haulm desiccant on narcissus	Contact herbicide (E) and haulm desiccant	Harrier	6%	Full	9 September 2099	FMC Agro Limited	Edible and non-edible crops	Before planting or production
			Shark (MAPP No. 18700)	6%	2019-0633	9 September 2099	FMC Agro Limited	Protected and outdoor ornamental plant production	Plant-base applications
			Spotlight Plus	6%	Full	9 September 2099	FMC Agro Limited	Edible and non-edible crops	Before planting or production
Clopyralid	Useful for controlling thistles, but damage to narcissus recorded; controls volunteer potatoes in narcissus, but ineffective in controlling volunteer narcissus	Translocated herbicide (O) for many dicotyledons	Cliophar 400	40%	Full	31 October 2022	Arysta LifeScience Benelux SPRL	Ornamental plant production	Plant base applications
			Cliophar 600 SL	60%	Full	31 October 2022	Arysta LifeScience Benelux SPRL	Ornamental plant production	Field application
			Dow Shield 400	40%	Full	31 October 2022	Dow AgriSciences	Ornamental plant production	Field application
			GF-2895	40%	Full	31 October 2022	Dow AgriSciences	Ornamental plant production	Field application
			Glopyr 400	40%	Full	31 October 2022	Globachem nv	Ornamental plant production	Field application
			Lontrel 72 SG	70%	Full	31 October 2022	Dow AgroSciences	Ornamental plant production	Field application
			Vivendi 200	20%	Full	31 October 2022	UPL Europe Limited	Ornamental plant production	Field application
Clopyralid + picloram	Useful for controlling thistles, but damage to narcissus recorded	Translocated herbicide (O) for many dicotyledons	Galera	26.7% + 6.7%	2015-0968	31 October 2022	Dow AgroSciences Ltd.	Ornamental plant production	Before end of March in year of application
Diflufenican	Effects unknown	Pyridine carboxamides (F1)	Hurricane SC	50%	2018-3440	30 June 2023	Adama Agricultural Solutions UK Ltd.	Ornamental plant production	Field application
Diflufenican	Effects unknown	Pyridine carboxamides (F1)	Sempra XL	50%	2017-0374	30 June 2023	UPL Europe Limited	Ornamental plant production	Field application
Dimethenamid-P + metazachlor	Effects unknown, although some extrapolation possible from each individual active	Residual herbicide pre- and post-emergence of weeds, K3 (Chloroacetamides) inhibition of cell division	Springbok	20% + 20%	2014-3006	30 April 2022	BASF plc.	Ornamental (outdoor)	Pre-emergence use only
Dimethenamid-P + metazachlor			Springbok	20% + 20%	2015-2108	30 April 2022	BASF plc.	Ornamental (outdoor)	Field application
Fatty acids	True desiccants, removal of wax layer and damaging the cell membrane. Severe damage to narcissus crops expected	Compounds with unknown mode of action (UHJ)	Finalsan	18.67	Full	28 February 2023	Certis Europe B.V.	Ornamental (outdoor)	Field application
			Kalipe	50%	Full	28 February 2023	Belchim Crop Protection Limited	Ornamental (outdoor)	Field application
			Katoun Gold	50%	Full	28 February 2023	Belchim Crop Protection Limited	Ornamental (outdoor)	Field application
			Redialo	50%	Full	28 February 2023	Belchim Crop Protection Limited	Ornamental (outdoor)	Field application
Florasulam + fluroxypyr	Effects not known	Post-emergence herbicide mixture (B+O) for annual and perennial dicotyledons	Starane XL	0.25% + 10%	2008/2904	9 September 2099	Dow AgroSciences	Ornamental (outdoor)	Field application
Flufenacet	Effects not known	Residual herbicide K3 for annual dicotyledons and grasses	Sunfire	50%	Ornamental (outdoor)	30 April 2023	Certis Europe B.V.	Ornamental (outdoor)	Field application
Flufenacet + isoxaflutole	Reported to result in leaf yellowing in narcissus	Residual herbicide mixture (K3+F2) for annual dicotyledons and grasses	Cadou Star	48%+10%	2008/2829	31 January 2022	Bayer Crop Science	Ornamental (outdoor)	Field application
Flumioxazine	Effects not known	Post-emergence herbicide (E) for annual dicotyledons and annual meadow grass	Digital	30%	2008/2844	31 December 2022	Interfarm (UK) Ltd	Ornamental (outdoor)	Field application
			Guillotine	30%	2008/2897	31 December 2022	Interfarm (UK) Ltd	Ornamental (outdoor)	Field application
			SumiMax	30%	2008/2881	31 December 2022	Interfarm (UK) Ltd	Ornamental (outdoor)	Field application
Fluroxypyr	Very damaging to narcissus; controls narcissus volunteers	Herbicide (O) for dicotyledons	Starane Hi-Load HL	33.3%	2017/1268	30 June 2027	Dow AgroSciences Ltd.	Ornamental plant production	Field application
Foramsulfuron + iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium	Effects not known	Sulfonylurea herbicide (B)	Logo	30% + 1%	2016-3437	9 September 2099	Bayer Crop Science	Ornamental (outdoor)	Field application
Lenacil	Effects not known	Uracil group (C1) residual herbicide with strong root uptake	Venzar 500SC	50%	2019-4263	30 June 2023	FMC Agro Limited	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Before end of July in year of application
Metamitron	Effects unknown	Triazinones group (C1) residual herbicide, short persistence and yellowing possible	Clayton Devoid	70%	2018-3875	28 February 2025	Clayton Plant Protection	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Pre-emergence or post-harvest
			Devoid	70%	2018-3139	28 February 2025	Cropthetics Ltd.	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Pre-emergence or post-harvest
			Goltix 70 SC	70%	2018-3139	28 February 2025	Adama Agricultural Solutions UK Ltd.	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Pre-emergence or post-harvest
Nicosulfuron	Detrimental effect on crops likely	Sulfonyl urea herbicide for broad-leaved weed control (B)	Fornet 4 SC	4%	2014-0886	1 February 2022	Belchim Crop Protection Limited	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Before mid-June in the year of treatment
			Fornet 6 OD	6%	2014-0942	1 February 2022	Belchim Crop Protection Limited	Ornamental plant production	Before mid-June in the year of treatment
			Nico Pro 4 SC	4%	2014-0752	1 February 2022	Belchim Crop Protection Limited	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Up to and including eight true leaf stage
			Samson	4%	2014-0617	1 February 2022	Belchim Crop Protection Limited	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Up to and including eight true leaf stage
			Samson Extra 6%	6%	2014-1054	30 June 2023	Belchim Crop Protection Limited	Ornamental plant production	Before mid-June in the year of treatment
Phenmedipham	Effects not known	Contact herbicide (C1) for annual dicotyledons	Betanal Flow	16%	2008/2824	31 January 2023	Bayer Crop Science Limited	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Field application
			Betasana SC	16%	2015/2050	31 January 2023	UPL Europe Limited	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Field application
			Corzal SC	16%	2018/0376	31 January 2023	UPL Europe Limited	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Field application
Prosulfocarb	Detrimental effect on crops likely	Sulfonyl urea herbicide for broad-leaved weed control (B)	Clayton Comply	80%	2016-2927	30 April 2023	Clayton Plant Protection	Ornamental plant production	Before crop emergence
			Defy	80%	2013-1431	30 April 2023	Syngenta UK Ltd.	Ornamental plant production	Before crop emergence
			Spinnaker	80%	2019-1746	30 April 2023	Adama Agricultural Solutions UK Ltd.	Ornamental plant production	Before crop emergence
Rimsulfuron	Detrimental effect on crops likely	Sulfonyl urea herbicide for broad-leaved weed control (B)	Titus (MAPP No. 15050)	25%	2014-1911	31 October 2022	Adama Agricultural Solutions UK Ltd.	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Before most advanced plants are 25 cm high
Rimsulfuron	Detrimental effect on crops likely	Sulfonyl urea herbicide for broad-leaved weed control (B)	Titus (MAPP No. 15050)	25%	2014-1912	31 October 2022	Adama Agricultural Solutions UK Ltd.	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Before most advanced plants are 25 cm high
S-metolachlor	Effects unknown	Residual herbicide pre- and post-emergence of weeds, K3 (Chloroacetamides) inhibition of cell division	Dual Gold	96%	2012-0501	31 January 2023	Syngenta UK Ltd.	Ornamental plant production	Plant base applications
Tribenuron-methyl	Effects not known	Sulfonyl urea herbicide for broad-leaved weed control (B)	Quantum SX	50%	2019-0895	9 September 2099	FMC Agro Limited	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Before end of May in year of application
Triflusulfuron-methyl	Effects not known	Sulfonyl urea herbicide for broad-leaved weed control (B)	Debut	50%	2019-4268	30 June 2023	FMC Agro Limited	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Before end of July in year of application

Table 39. Fungicides found to be effective in trials against smoulder and white mould

Disease and situation	FRAC	Active ingredient	Fungicide	% Active substance	Crop	Crop stage	Approval	Marketing company	Expiry date	Notes
Smoulder	11	Azoxystrobin	Amistar	25%	Ornamental (outdoor)	Field application	2018-3388	Syngenta UK Ltd	30 June 2027
	M3	Mancozeb	Dithane 945	80%	Ornamental (outdoor)	Field application	2019-1069	Sumitomo Chemical (UK) plc.	31 July 2022	Before end of July in year of application
			Dithane 945 (MAPP No. 14621)	80%	Ornamental (outdoor)	Field application	2015-2652	Interfarm (UK) Ltd.	31 July 2022	Before end of July in year of application
			Karamate Dry Flo Neotec (MAPP No. 14632)	75%	Ornamental (outdoor)	Field application	Full	Landseer Ltd.	31 July 2023
			Manzate 75 WG	75%	Ornamental (outdoor)	Field application	Full	UPL Europe Limited	31 July 2023
			Penncozeb WDG	75%	Ornamental (outdoor) (flower bulbs)	Field application	Full	UPL Europe Limited	31 July 2023
			Trimanoc DG	75%	Ornamental (outdoor)	Field application	Full	DuPont (UK) Ltd.	31 July 2023
	9	Mepanipyrim	Frupica SC	44%	Outdoor ornamental plant production	Field application	2019-1294	Certis	31 October 2022
	17	Fenpyrazamine	Prolectus	50%	Ornamental plant production	Field application	2019-0784	Sumitomo Chemical (UK) plc.	30 June 2025	1 day before harvest
	3	Tebuconazole	Toledo (14036)	43%	Narcissus (outdoor) (daffodil grown for galanthamine production)	Field application	2017-2495	Rotam Agrochemical Europe Limited	31 May 2020	28 days before harvest
	7	Fluxapyroxad	Sercadis	30%	Ornamental (outdoor)	Field application	2019-4348	BASF plc.	30 June 2025	Applications between 1 April and 30 September
White Mould	11	Azoxystrobin	Amistar	25%	Ornamental (outdoor)	Field application	2018-3388	Syngenta UK Ltd	30 June 2027
	17	Fenpyrazamine	Prolectus	50%	Ornamental plant production	Field application	2019-0784	Sumitomo Chemical (UK) plc.	30 June 2025	1 day before harvest
	3	Tebuconazole	Toledo (MAPP No. 14036)	43%	Narcissus (outdoor) (daffodil grown for galanthamine production)	Field application	2017-2495	Rotam Agrochemical Europe Limited	31 May 2020	28 days before harvest
	7	Fluxapyroxad	Sercadis	30%	Ornamental (outdoor)	Field application	2019-4348	BASF plc.	30 June 2025	Applications between 1 April and 30 September
Post-flowering	7+3	Boscalid + epoxiconazole	Tracker	23.3% + 6.7%	Narcissus (outdoor)	Field application	2013-2458	BASF plc.	31 October 2022	This product must not be applied until after harvest/BBCH71
	11	Kresoxim-methyl	Stroby WG	50%	Ornamental (outdoor)	Field application	Full	BASF plc.	30 June 2027

Table 40. Fungicides with either full approvals or EAMUs for use in outdoor ornamental plant production where there are known or likely uses on narcissus, or EAMUs for use on narcissus

Fungicide class (with FRAC mode of action code)	Target diseases for outdoor narcissus	Active ingredient	Product name	% Active substance	Full approval or EAMU approval No.	Product expiry date (use-by date)	Marketing company	Notes, including any restrictions
SDHI (Succinate- dehydrogenase inhibitors) (7) + QoI-fungicides (Quinone outside inhibitors) Strobilurin (11)	Used to control many diseases; strobilurins are known to be useful in control of narcissus foliar diseases (Botrytis)	Boscalid + Pyraclostrobin	Signum	26.7% + 6.7%	2012-2141	31/01/2023	BASF plc.
Dithiocarbamates and relatives (electrophiles)	Effective against narcissus foliar diseases, including white mould	Mancozeb	Dithane 945	80%	2019-1069	31 July 2022	Sumitomo Chemical (UK) plc.	Outdoor daffodil grown for galanthamine production; also available through LTAEU
			Dithane 945 (MAPP No.14621)	80%	2015-2652	31 July 2022	Interfarm (UK) Ltd.
			Karamate Dry Flo Neotec (MAPP No. 14632)	75%	Full	31 July 2023	Landseer Ltd.
			Manzate 75 WG	75%	Full	31 July 2023	UPL Europe Limited
			Penncozeb WDG	75%	Full	31 July 2023	UPL Europe Limited
			Trimanoc DG	75%	Full	31 July 2023	DuPont (UK) Ltd.
QoI-fungicides (Quinone outside inhibitors) Strobilurin (11)	Strobilurins are used to control many diseases, including foliar diseases of narcissus	Azoxystrobin	Amistar	25%	2018-3388	30 June 2027	Syngenta UK Ltd
		Kresoxym-methyl	Stroby WG	50%	Full	30 June 2027	BASF plc
		Pyraclostrobin	Vivid	25%	2008-2884	31/07/2023	BASF plc
		Trifloxystrobin	Swift SC	50%	2008-2882	09/09/2099	Bayer Crop Science
DMI-fungicides (Demethylation inhibitors) Triazole (3)	Triazoles control many plant pathogens, and tebuconazole is known to control Botrytis/smoulder	Difenoconazole	Plover	25%	2019-4256	30/06/2023	Syngenta UK Ltd.
		Propiconazole	Bumper 250 EC	25%	2019-1063	19/03/2020	Adama Agricultural Solutions UK Ltd.
		Prothioconazole	Proline	25%	2019-4267	31/01/2023	BayerCrop Science Limited	Ornamental plant production (outdoor)
		Tebuconazole	Toledo (MAPP No. 14036)	43%	2017-2495	31/05/2020	Rotam Agrochemical Europe Limited	Outdoor daffodil grown for galanthamine production
SDHI (Succinate- dehydrogenase inhibitors) (7)	Used to control many diseases: Botrytis/powdery mildew/smoulder	Fluxapyroxad	Sercadis	30%	2019-4348	30/06/2025	BASF plc	Ornamental plant production (outdoor)
		Isopyrazam	Reflect (MAPP No. 17228)	12.5%	2018-2965	30/06/2022	Syngenta UK Ltd.	Ornamental plant production (outdoor)
		Isopyrazam	Reflect	12.5%	2018-2975	30/09/2025	Syngenta UK Ltd.	Ornamental plant production (outdoor)
KRI fungicides (Keto reductase inhibitors) (17)	Known to control Botrytis on numerous crops, including ornamentals, with moderate efficacy on white mould and smoulder on narcissus	Fenpyrazamine	Prolectus	50%	2019-0784	30/06/2025	Sumitomo Chemical (UK) plc.	Ornamental plant production (outdoor)
AP - fungicides (Anilino- Pyrimidines) (9)	Good against Botrytis and moderate activity on powdery mildew (*mapanipyrim) and smoulder	Mepanipyrim	Frupica	44%	2019-1294	31/10/2022	Certis	Ornamental plant production (outdoor)
AP - fungicides (Anilino- Pyrimidines) (9)		Pyrimethanil	Scala	40%	2011-1315	31/10/2022	BASF plc	Ornamental plant production (outdoor)
Microbial disrupters of pathogen cell membranes Bacillus sp. and the fungicidal lipopeptides produced (44)	Wide range of pathogens, including Botrytis, powdery mildew, smoulder and white mould	Bacillus subtilis strain QST 713	Serenade ASO	101.5%	2018-2364	31/10/2022	BayerCrop Science Limited	Ornamental plant production (outdoor)
		Bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum strain D747	Amylo-X	25%	2019-0428	30/09/2027	Certis	Ornamental plant production (outdoor)
Aryl-phenyl-ketones (50)	Controls wide range of plant pathogens	Metrafenone	Flexity	40%	2008-2850	31/10/2022	BASF plc.	Ornamental plant production (outdoor)
Carbamates	Controls oomycetes and root diseases	Propamocarb hydrochloride	Promess	72.2%	2016-0785	31/01/2023	Arysta LifeScience Benelux SPRL	Ornamental (outdoor)

Table 41. Fungicides with full approvals or EAMUs for use in outdoor ornamental plant production where the active ingredient does not appear to have been tested or used on narcissus

Fungicide class (with FRAC mode of action code)	Target diseases for outdoor narcissus	Active ingredient	Product name (with MAPP No. if more than one approval)	% Active substance	Full approval or EAMU approval No.	Product expiry date (use-by date)	Marketing company	Notes, including any restrictions
CAA-fungicides, (Carboxylic acid amides) (40) + Dithiocarbamates and relatives (electrophiles) (M03)	None known (controls oomycetes and smoulder)	Benthiavalicarb-isopropyl + mancozeb	Valbon	1.75% + 70%	2014-2325	31 January 2022	Certis
Hydroxy- (2-amino-) pyrimidines (8)	None known (controls powdery mildew on various crops)	Bupirimate	Nimrod	25%	Full	30 November 2026	Adama Agricultural Solutions UK Ltd.
No pesticide mode of action yet allocated	None known (elicitor of natural defence mechanism, useful for downy and powdery mildew control on various crops)	COS-OGA	FytoSave	1.25%	2019-1911	22 October 2032	FytoFend S.A.
Phenyl-acetamide (U06)	None known (mainly powdery mildew and soft fruits on fruit crops)	Cyflufenamid	Takumi SC	10%	2013-1294	30 September 2025	Certis
Anilinopyrimidine + phenylpyrrole (9+12)	None known (controls many plant pathogens, including Botrytis)	Cyprodinil + fludioxonil	Switch (15129)	37.5% + 25%	Full	30 April 2014	Syngenta UK Ltd.
CAA-fungicides (Carboxylic acid amides) (40) + Dithiocarbamates and relatives (electrophiles) (M03)	None known (controls oomycetes and smoulder)	Dimethomorph + mancozeb	Invader	7.5% + 66.7%	2012-0109	31 July 2022	BASF plc.
Benzamides (43) + carbamates (28)	None known (mainly used for oomycetes, some Fusarium reduction)	Fluopicolide + propamocarb hydrochloride	Infinito	6.25% + 62.5%	2014-2251	31 January 2023	Bayer Crop Science Limited
Phosphonates (P07) + carbamates (28)	None known (mainly oomycetes)	Fosetyl-aluminium/propamocarb hydrochloride	Avatar	31% + 53%	2015-0100	31 October 2022	Everris Ltd.
Phosphonates (P07) + carbamates (28)	None known (mainly oomycetes)	Fosetyl-aluminium/propamocarb hydrochloride	Previcur Energy	31% + 53%	2013-1845	31 October 2022	Bayer Crop Science Limited
BM: Biologicals with multiple modes of action	None known (controls many pathogens, including Botrytis)	Gliocladium catenulatum strain J1446	Prestop	32%	2018-2843	31 January 2022	Everris Ltd.
Dithiocarbamates and relatives (electrophiles) (M03) + PA – fungicides (PhenylAmides) (4)	None known	Mancozeb + metalaxyl-M	Fubol Gold WG	64% + 3.88%	2013-2288	31 July 2022	Syngenta UK Ltd
Dithiocarbamates and relatives (electrophiles) (M03) + Benzamides (22)	None known	Mancozeb + zoxamide	Electis 75 WG	66.7% + 8.3%	2017-0462	09 September 2099	Gowan Crop Protection Limited	7 days before harvest
CAA-fungicides (Carboxylic acid amides) (40)	None known	Mandipropamid	Revus	25%	2016-2763	31 January 2026	Syngenta UK Ltd.	Up to and including 31 August in any given year
PA – fungicides (PhenylAmides) (4)	None known (mainly used for Pythium, Phytophthora and other oomycetes)	Metalaxyl-M	Floreo	46.52%	Full	31 December 2022	Pan Agriculture Ltd.
		Metalaxyl-M	Fongarid Gold	46.52%	Full	31 December 2022	Syngenta UK Ltd.
		Metalaxyl-M	Subdue	46.52%	Full	31 December 2022	Syngenta UK Ltd.
DMI-fungicides (Demethylation inhibitors) (3)	None known (controls many pathogens, including Botrytis and powdery mildew)	Penconazole	Topas	10%	2019-0169	30 June 2024	Syngenta UK Ltd.	Workers must wear suitable protective clothing in which arms, body and legs are fully covered when re-entering treated areas or handling treated crops or contaminated surfaces within 21 days after treatment
No pesticide mode of action yet allocated	None known (contact mode of action used for Botrytis, scab and powdery mildew control)	Potassium hydrogen carbonate	Karma	85.42%	2019-3338	28 February 2023	Certis	1 day before harvest

Table 42. Active ingredients listed in AHDB Horticulture’s LIAISON database as available for use on outdoor narcissus solely through Long Term Arrangements for Extension of Use

Active ingredients which may have application in narcissus production

Cymoxanil

Cyproconazole

Dodine

Dithianon

Epoxiconazole

Fenpropidin

Flutriafol

Pencycuron

Sulphur

Tetraconazole

Table 44. Insecticides and molluscicides with full approvals or EAMUs for use in outdoor ornamental plant production, for the control of pests relevant to narcissus

Active ingredient	Target pest	Product name	% Active substance	Full approval or EAMU approval No.	Product expiry date (use-by date)	Marketing company	Approved crops
Acetamiprid	Aphids	Gazelle SG	20%	Full	9 September 2099	Certis	Ornamental plant production
Cypermethrin	Aphids	Afrisect 500 EC	50%	Full	30 April 2023	Arysta LifeScience Benelux SPRL	Ornamental plant production
		Cythrin 500 EC	50%	Full	30 April 2023	Arysta LifeScience Benelux SPRL	Ornamental plant production
		Cythrin Max EC	50%	Full	30 April 2023	Arysta LifeScience Benelux SPRL	Ornamental plant production
		Permasect 500 EC	50%	Full	30 April 2023	Arysta LifeScience Benelux SPRL	Ornamental plant production
		Supasect 500 EC	50%	Full	30 April 2023	Arysta LifeScience Benelux SPRL	Ornamental plant production
Deltamethrin	Aphids	Bandu	2.5%	Full	30 April 2023	Headland Agrochemicals	Ornamental plant production
Deltamethrin	Aphids	Decis Forte	10%	Full	30 April 2023	Bayer Crop Science	Ornamental plant production
Flonicamid	Aphids	Mainman	50%	2013-0045	28 February 2026	Belchim Crop Protection Limited	Ornamental plant production
Lambda-cyhalothrin	Large narcissus fly	Hallmark with Zeon Technology	10%	2008-2944	9 September 2099	Syngenta UK Ltd	Ornamental plant production
Lambda-cyhalothrin	Large narcissus fly	Markate 50	5%	2010-2880	9 September 2099	Belchim Crop Protection Limited	Ornamental plant production
Spirotetramat	Aphids	Batavia	10%	2019-1058	31 October 2026	Bayer Crop Science	Ornamental plant production
Ferric phosphate	Molluscsicides	[Many products available]	Various concentrations	Full	30 June 2033	Various companies	Includes ‘all non-edible crops’
Metaldehyde	Molluscsicides	[Many products available]	Various concentrations	Full	31 December 2021	Various companies	Mostly include ‘all non-edible crops’ and bare surfaces, etc.
Oxamyl	Nematodes	Vydate 10G	10%	2014-1636	31 December 2021	DuPont (UK)	Outdoor ornamental plant production
Fosthiazate	Nematodes	Nemathorin 10G	10%	2008-2912	30 April 2023	Syngenta UK Ltd	Outdoor ornamental plant production

Disclaimer

Please note the Narcissus Manual was published in 2013. The majority of the content and recommendations remain pertinent to commercial Narcissus production, but some of the biocidal and plant protection products included in the manual may be out of date. For updated product information please refer the tables linked above (correct as of March 2020) which relate to the associated tables in the Narcissus Manual.

Biocidal and plant protection products must only be used in accordance with the authorised conditions of use. Regular changes occur in the authorisation status of biocides and plant protection products. For the most up to date information, please check with your professional supplier, BASIS registered adviser or the Chemical Regulation Division (CRD) of HSE (https://www.hse.gov.uk/crd/) before use.

While the Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board seeks to ensure that the information outlined on this page is accurate at the time of publishing, no warranty is given in respect thereof and, to the maximum extent permitted by law the Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board accepts no liability for loss, damage or injury howsoever caused (including that caused by negligence) or suffered directly or indirectly in relation to information and opinions contained in or omitted from this information.

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